All submissions to this journal are screened for plagiarism using reliable detection tools. Manuscripts found to contain significant levels of plagiarism will be rejected immediately.

Plagiarism includes, but is not limited to:

• Copying text, ideas, or data without proper attribution
• Self-plagiarism or redundant publication
• Improper citation or paraphrasing

The journal applies a strict similarity threshold. Submissions exceeding acceptable limits may be returned to the authors for revision or rejected outright, depending on the severity.

Authors are encouraged to ensure that their manuscripts are original and properly cited before submission. Repeated violations may result in a ban from future submissions.